Palaeontological atlas

Ancient arthropod catalogue A to Z

Tiny fossil valves, complex trilobite eyes and the largest known land arthropod

Arthropods dominate modern animal diversity and have a deep fossil history. These first profiles compare mineralised shells, articulated bodies, trackways and rare behavioural assemblages.

Each card opens a complete guide that separates preserved anatomy from functional inference and artistic reconstruction.

In the catalogue6ancient arthropods
Complete profiles6evidence-led guides
Time range300+ MyrOrdovician to Triassic
Showing 6 of 6 profiles

A

Clean catalogue illustration for AcratiaA

Acratia

Acratia

A microscopic fossil ostracod known mainly from smooth two-valved carapaces in Palaeozoic and Triassic marine rocks.

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Clean catalogue illustration for AmpyxA

Ampyx

Ampyx priscus

A blind Ordovician trilobite whose aligned Moroccan groups preserve unusually strong evidence for coordinated movement.

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Clean catalogue illustration for ArthropleuraA

Arthropleura

Arthropleura

The largest known terrestrial arthropod, represented by giant body plates, trackways and newly described head material.

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Clean catalogue illustration for AsaphusA

Asaphus

Asaphus

A broad Ordovician trilobite from Baltica, with some species evolving elevated eye surfaces on long rigid stalks.

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B

Clean catalogue illustration for BairdiacyprisB

Bairdiacypris

Bairdiacypris

A small smooth-shelled ostracod whose abundant valves help reconstruct marine environments and correlate rock layers.

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D

Clean catalogue illustration for DalmanitinaD

Dalmanitina

Dalmanitina socialis

An Ordovician trilobite with large schizochroal eyes, long cheek spines and a pointed tail shield.

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Continue through deep time

Explore arthropod worlds and fossil evidence

Follow the Palaeozoic environments and preservation processes behind shells, tracks and behavioural assemblages.

Shells preserve different levels of detail

Ostracods such as Acratia and Bairdiacypris are known mainly from valves, while trilobites preserve a segmented dorsal exoskeleton. Soft appendages require exceptional conditions.

Fossils can capture behaviour

Aligned groups of Ampyx preserve orientation and spacing, providing stronger evidence of coordinated movement than one isolated shell could offer.

Size spans four orders of magnitude

Millimetre-scale ostracods share the catalogue with Arthropleura, which exceeded 2.5 metres. Large size does not automatically provide more complete anatomy.

Eyes are mineral evidence with biological limits

Asaphus and Dalmanitina preserve different compound-eye designs, but not the retina or the image perceived by the animal.

Frequently asked questions

Were all ancient arthropods marine?

No. Trilobites and many ostracods were marine, while Arthropleura was a fully terrestrial myriapod.

Why are some profiles based mostly on shells?

Mineralised exoskeletons and ostracod valves fossilise far more readily than soft limbs, organs and colour.

Can a fossil shell reveal diet?

Sometimes wear, mouthparts or gut contents help, but outline alone rarely fixes an exact menu.

Why are moults important?

Arthropods shed exoskeletons as they grow, so a loose shell may record moulting rather than death.